Diaspora ifite inyota yo kwamamara, ab’I Kigali barashonje! Ni nde uzahagarika abanyabwenge bari kujya kubaka ibihugu by’I mahanga?Ni kenshi humvikana inkuru z’umuhanzi/kazi washakanye n’umu-diaspora bagahita bajyana kubana hariya I mahanga. Hano hadutse imvugo ngo ni Visa baba bakurikiye. None kuki abasore b’I Kigali bahora barota VISA n’aba hakurya y’amazi bakaza gushaka ababa mu ruganda rw’imyidaduro mu Rwanda?
imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu y’Ibarurishamibare (NISR), igaragaza ko ikigero cy’ubushomeri mu Kanama 2021 cyari kuri 19,4%, kivuye kuri 23,5% muri Gicurasi na 17% muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka. Raporo igaragaza uko abantu bishimye ku Isi (World Happiness Report) iheruka gushyira u Rwanda ku mwanya wa kane uturutse inyuma mu bihugu byishimye ku Isi, icyiciro rwakomeje gushyirwamo mu myaka ishize
Raporo y’umwaka wa 2021 yakozwe hagaragazwa "uburyo abaturage babona ubuzima bwabo mu bihugu bisaga 150 byo hirya no hino ku Isi", nk’uko ijambo ry’ibanze rya raporo ribivuga.
Ni urutonde rukomeje kuyoborwa na Finland, Denmark, Iceland, u Busuwisi, u Buholandi, Luxembourg, Suède, Norvège, Israel na Nouvelle Zélande.
Ni raporo yakozwe mu bihe bigoye by’icyorezo cya COVID-19, cyahungabanyije ubuzima bw’abaturage mu buzima no mu bijyanye n’imibereho.
Igaragaza ko ubwoba n’imihangayiko byo byazamutseho 8% mu 2020 na 4% mu 2021, ugereranyije n’uko byari bimeze mbere y’icyorezo.
Raporo ikomeza iti "Icyiza cyagaragaye ku rundi ruhande, impinduka zagaragaye mu gihe cya COVID-19 ni izamuka ry’ubugiraneza mu 2021. Ubu bugiraneza bwatanze inkunga yagize akamaro ku bayitanze, abayakiriye n’ababireba, batewe ishema no kubona abantu biteguye gufatanya mu gihe cya ngombwa."
Raporo yagendeye kuki?
Mu byagendeweho hakorwa raporo harimo kureba amafaranga umuturage yinjiza mu mwaka mu gihugu runaka, bijyanye n’ubushobozi bwo guhaha ibyo akeneye (Purchasing Power Parity, PPP). Ingingo ya kabiri ni icyizere cyo kubaho neza igihe kirekire (life expectancy), hagendewe ku bipimo by’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (WHO).
Iya gatatu ni uburyo abantu bahabwa ubufasha bakeneye (social support), hakoreshejwe ikibazo cya Gallup World Poll (GWP) cyasubizaga Yego cyangwa Oya, kigira kiti "uramutse uri mu kibazo, ufite umuryango cyangwa inshuti wakwitabaza bakagufasha igihe ubakeneye, cyangwa ntabo?"
Ingingo ya kane, habazwaga niba abantu bahagijwe cyangwa batanyuzwe n’uburenganzira bafite bwo guhitamo ibyo bakora mu buzima (Freedom to make life choices).
Iya gatanu ijyanye n’ubugiraneza (Generosity), yabazaga niba umuntu yarahaye amafaranga abagiraneza mu kwezi gushize; iya gatandatu ikabaza niba abantu babona ruswa yiganje muri guverinoma, inzego z’ubucuruzi cyangwa niba babibona ukundi.
Ingingo ya karindwi yari igamije kureba ibyishimo umuntu yagize ku munsi wabanje (Positive affect), akabazwa niba yaragize ibimusetsa, akishima cyangwa niba yarize cyangwa agakora ikintu gitangaje.
Ingingo ya munani yarebaga ku kababaro (Negative affect), niba ku munsi wabanje umuntu runaka yaragize ubwoba, akababaro cyangwa uburakari.
Kuki u Rwanda rwahawe amanota make?
Urebye uburyo amanota yatanzwe, ibihugu icumi bya mbere ni ibyo mu Burayi bifite abaturage binjiza amafaranga menshi (GDP Per Capita), mu gihe icumi biri inyuma byiganjemo ibyo muri Afurika n’ibindi bikennye.
U Rwanda rwashyizwe mu bihugu 17 bikenye cyane ku isi muri 195 byakoreweho ubushakashatsi
Banki y’isi yashyize U Rwanda ku mwanya wa 178 ku rutonde ngarukamwaka ngaruka mwaka rureba umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu . Muri iki cyegeranyo, umuturage w’u Rwanda umwe abarirwa amadorali 850 buri mwaka.
Muri iki cyegeranyo, U Rwanda ruza mu bihugu 17 bya mbere bikennye cyane mu 195 byakoreweho ubushakashatsi. Iki cyegeranyo gisohoka buri mwaka, kigaragaza ko ibihugu biza imbere mu kugira umusaruro mbumbe w’umuturage uri hejuru, ibyinshi byiganje ku mugabane w’Uburaya.
Ababa mu ruganda rw’imyidagaduro mu Rwanda nabo ni inzirakarengane za buriya bukene
Hari abanyamakuru bakora akazi k’itangazamakuru bakorera ubushake. Abazisangamo hano bazahita bamenyako aribo mvuga. Hari abakora bahabwa ayo kugura murandasi (internet). Hari n’abitwako bahembwa nyamara bakaba batabasha kurya gatatu ku munsi kuko ayo bahabwa ntiyabatanga nkuko bikwiriye.
Hari umukobwa ufite imyaka 20 wimukiye Canada asanzeyo ababyeyi mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka. Mu kwezi gushize yaje kugura ubutaka bwa miliyoni 28 Frws hano I Kigali. Umusore bakundanaga ntabwo yabona amafaranga yo kurya inshuro 3 ku munsi. Hari uwo twaganiriye ambwirako nibura I Doha muri Qatar umukozi uhembwa make ari 20$ ku isaha. Hano mu Rwanda nta mushahara fatizo ujyanye n’igihe uhari ku buryo bigoye ko umukozi abwira umukoresha ayo amuhemba kuko amugenera ayo ashaka. Kandi koko ntiyakwanga ako kazi kuko ababa bagashaka ni benshi.
Niba umunyarwanda ugeze nko muri Canada ashobora kwanga gukora akabaho atunzwe n’amafaranga Leta ibagenera birumvikanako kuba abasore n’inkumi za hano zirota kujyayo bafite ishingiro kuko hano n’ufite akazi agorwa no kwitunga.
Aba Diaspora bashaka kwamamara hano mu Rwanda kandi biroroshye
Niba utema ibiti muri Canada ukaba ariwo mwuga uvunanye kuwukora ariko utanga agatubutse ku bemeye gushoka ishyamba ntabwo wabona ya mafaranga ngo uyarire aho bagufata nk’umukarane. Nibyo, abasore n’inkumi bava hano iyo bageze hariya mu isi iteye imbere bakora akazi gakorwa n’abatarize kuko iyo wahize ukora nk’ibyo umunyagihugu akora.
Amahanga arahanda
Abahanga mu bukungu bavugako nyuma yo kugera ku byo wifuza ikiba gisigaye ni ugushaka icyubahiro n’ubwamamare ku kiguzi cyose byaba bisaba. Ba bandi baba barakoreye amafaranga I mahanga baba babayeho mu buzima bwa ntawe unzi. Biyemeza kureba amayeri yatuma bavugwa hano mu Rwanda kuko aho ifaranga rikubise haroroha. Hari uwashoye miliyoni 20 muri filimi twabuze irengero. Byaravuzwe birandikwa. Uwo mushoramari izina rye ryarazamutse kugeza nubwo hari aho yajyaga agasanga abantu bafite amafaranga baramuzi bakishyura ibyo yafashe kubera kumukunda. Hari abahimba amayeri yo gufasha abahanzi bagahuruza itangazamakuru bakarimurikira imishinga nyamara ya baringa.
Hari abahitamo kuza gutanga ubuhamya mu biganiro kugirango bakurure amarangamutima banamamare. Hari abahitamo gushakana n’abafite amazina hano mu myidagaduro yo mu Rwanda kugirango nabo babonereho kwamamara. Ejo bundi hari uwatandukanye (x( n’undi (Y) bica igikuba. Hari uwo twaganiriye ambwirako uwo (X) atari amuzi yamumenye kubera (Y).
Iyo umuntu usanzwe uzwi hano mu Rwanda avuzeko afite umukunzi (Diaspora) ikiza mu mutima wa bamwe ni uguhunga ubukene buvuza ubuha hano I Kigali. Kandi ko nibyo, ufite izina ukaba ukigorwa no kubona iby’ibanze nkenerwa mu buzima (basic needs) ntabwo wabura kubeshya wa mu-diaspora ko umukunda kugirango umushuke azane amafaranga mukore ubukwe ubundi akujyanye nurangiza uzamukwepe wishakire ubuzima nyuma uzashake umugore/umugabo w’inzozi zawe.
Kuki abanya-kigali bakomeje gutandukana na Diaspora
Hari umunyamakuru witwa Edman uherutse gutandukana n’umukobwa bari barajyanye muri Canada. Hari umwe mu nshuti zanjye numvise ambwirako biriya byatewe n’ubukene kuko umukobwa yakundaga umusore nyamara umusore ashaka gucika ubukene akigendera. Byinshi mu bitangazamakuru byo mu Rwanda bihemba amafaranga adashobora gukemura iby’ibanze mu buzima.
Nonese aba-Diaspora bazakomeza gutwara abafitiye igihugu akamaro kireba?
Niba Leta ntacyo ikoze ngo ishyireho umushahara fatizo ujyanye n’aho ibihe bigeze, abakoresha bazakomeza guhemba abakozi intica ntikize. Leta ikwiriye gushyiraho uburyo buhamye bwo gutanga inguzanyo ku basore bafite imishinga ariko badafite ingwate yo gutanga. Hano ubu buryo burahari nka BDF nubwo imikorere yayo ihora ikemangwa na komisiyo ishinzwe umutungo mu nteko ishingamategeko y’u Rwanda. Leta ikwiriye gushyiraho amafaranga atunga abadafite icyo gukora bagejeje imyaka yo gukora. Leta ikwiriye gufungura amarembo abafite ubumenyi bakajya guhaha mu bindi bihugu ariko ikajya ishyiraho amatsinda ajya gushakira akazi abafite ubushobozi. Impamvu y’ibi ni uko kubona VISA yo kujya gukorera mu bihugu biteye imbere ba basore ba ntaho nikora ntabwo bashobora kuyigondera ariko Leta ishyizemo ukuboka byakoroha.
Byinshi mu bihugu bikize byatejwe imbere n’ubwenge bw’abanyamahanga. Abanyarwanda/kazi bakomeje kujya gutura I mahanga ni abari bafitiye runini inzego babaga barimo. Yaba ibijyanye n’imikino, itangazamakuru ry’imyidagaduro, abo muri sinema nyarwanda, abahanzi/kazi n’abandi ntarondoye bakomeje kugenda ni abari bakunzwe ku buryo ibyo bakoraga iyo babivuyemo hagaragara icyuho kandi koko ni byo b aba Diaspora baba bakeneye abahagaze neza muri iyo minsi.
